Types of lithium batteries for electric vehicles and how to choose lithium batteries for electric vehicles

1、 There are several types of lithium batteries for electric vehicles

The lithium batteries for electric vehicles are mainly divided into ternary lithium batteries, lithium manganate batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Different meters of batteries use different cathode materials. The ternary lithium batteries use lithium nickel cobalt manganate or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate as ternary cathode materials. The lithium manganate batteries use lithium manganate as cathode materials, and the lithium iron phosphate batteries use iron phosphate as cathode materials. In terms of application scenarios, ternary lithium battery and lithium manganate battery are widely used in two wheel (three wheel) electric vehicles. Although the lithium iron phosphate battery is cheap, it takes up large space, so it is more widely used in electric buses. Which of the three batteries is better?

Firstly, the electric cells of three types of qualified lithium battery products on the market were punctured. This experiment can simulate the internal short circuit of lithium battery. Through the experiment, we can see that the ternary lithium battery fires all around at the moment of needle penetration, while the lithium manganate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery have white smoke rising, but there is no open fire burning phenomenon.

Next, we conducted squeeze tests on three types of batteries, and the results showed that the ternary lithium battery still caught fire, while the lithium manganate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery did not catch fire.

So, is the ternary lithium battery inferior to lithium manganate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery? Experts said that although lithium batteries have potential fire hazards, as far as wood materials are concerned, lithium manganate batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries have strong stability, and the probability of fire is much lower than that of ternary lithium batteries. Therefore, from this perspective, lithium manganate batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries will be more stable.

2、 How to choose lithium battery for electric bicycle

1. Select specifications

First, determine the specification of lithium battery for electric vehicles we need. Two wheel electric vehicles are generally 48V, and three and four wheel electric vehicles are 60V or 72V.

2. Selective capacity

The battery capacity is determined according to the endurance mileage and motor size. It can be roughly calculated according to this formula: lithium battery voltage * lithium battery capacity/motor wattage * average speed of electric vehicle=endurance mileage

3. Select brand

With the popularity of the lithium battery industry, many small enterprises or workshop factories speculate in this industry, which also causes the good and bad of lithium battery products to be mixed, and it is difficult to distinguish the true from the false. The simpler way is to choose a brand, which can guarantee the quality.

4. Check whether it conforms to the national standard

The national standard is the standard to ensure the quality. It depends on whether it conforms to the National Standard for Lithium Ion Batteries for Electric Bicycles (GB36972-2018). If there is no such executive standard for products, it can be ignored.

5. See the manufacturer's qualification

From the perspective of capital scale, such as lithium battery production and R&D, it needs to invest a large amount of money to complete it. Those with registered capital of less than 100 million are basically workshop factories. Second, it needs to see whether there is an official website and WeChat official account. If an enterprise does not even have its own official website and WeChat official account, it will not be considered.

3、 Price of lithium battery for electric vehicle

According to different specifications of 72v, 60v, 36v, 48v, 12v, the price ranges from hundreds to thousands of yuan.